What does "listing" refer to in naval terminology?

In naval terminology, "listing" describes the angle at which a ship tilts to the side in relation to the vertical axis. This condition often results from an imbalance of weight, such as uneven cargo distribution or water flooding a compartment. It is critical for the safe operation of a vessel; excessive listing can hinder a ship's performance and may even lead to capsizing. Maintaining an appropriate balance is essential for ensuring the ship's stability and maneuverability during various operational scenarios. Understanding listing is crucial for naval personnel to effectively manage the vessel and respond to any irregularities.